I've been going through similar issues with BG3 through Vortex this past week as well. I don't know exactly what is going on, but the "freezing" part seems to be coming from high CPU usage. If you have Windows Defender real-time protection enabled, Vortex will have high CPU usage ~30% when installing mods, and Windows Defender will be using the same with its Antimalware Service Executable process. But if you disable real-time protection while installing mods, then it's the System process that does the same as Antimalware Service Executable process albeit less often/less CPU usage. Since I was also having this issue, I'm currently trying Pickysaurus' recommendation of .NET 6 and C++ to see if that fixes it, I'll edit this post later on if it fixes it.
Edit: 2/15/24 - Same as OP, reinstalling .NET 6 and C++ Redistributables fixed the issue.