Then I'm afraid we're at an impasse as I can guarantee that the official Vortex installer contains no malicious code whatsoever. As Zanderat mentioned, the issue is unique to your system. We've never had any reports of Vortex installing Windows updates/AMD drivers or anything of the sort. The recent update (I'm assuming you're using the 1.13.0-beta.3 release) would've never caused the issues you're describing.
On the other hand, Vortex "removing itself", has been encountered by users that were running the application through the Vortex installer itself rather than the application shortcut (causing it to re-install every time they would run the installer). Alternatively there have been instances where some cloud storage services would revert Vortex changes (removing the `%appdata%/vortex` folder); so if you do use any sort of cloud storage solution, make sure it knows to leave Vortex's data alone.
Please note that I can't rule out hardware failure, especially given that you're encountering BSOD.
Out of curiosity, which 3rd party extensions do you have installed?