showler

Okay, so your issue there is that the people who maintain the Unofficial Skyrim Special Edition Patch ONLY support the latest release of SSE.  If you downgrade your game to a previous version you need to have a copy of an earlier version of the USSEP that you kept from before.
You can see that it clearly states that it only works with 1.6.1130 and above.  

They are both part of the "bundled" extensions that normally come with Vortex, but they both received a necessary update today.
When the next version of Vortex is released they'll likely drop back into the hidden bundled section.

Off-hand it looks like you installed every single patch for several mods regardless of whether or not you had the other mod that required the patching.
You can't just install everything that comes with a mod.  Authors tend to bundle together lots of small patches and you are meant to choose the ones you need.

Create a Collection.  Don't publish it.

I don't have strong feelings regarding VPNs.  Last one I used was PrivadoVPN which allows a fair amount of data for free.
Masterlist and Userlist come from the LOOT application and have to connect to GitHub.  Most other things Vortex does involves connecting to Nexusmods.com, so sometimes that makes the difference.

Try turning off GPU acceleration in the settings.
A few people have mentioned problems, so it's possible one of the underlying programs that got updated has an issue with some drivers.
 

There's a function for Vortex to attempt to identify the mod from the website.  You should probably see if that works.

Please look at the files included in those mods and then ask yourself "why are these not shown in the list of ESM/ESP files?"

Their version of Vortex is outdated.

https://forums.nexusmods.com/forum/8871-download-speed-troubleshooting/

Vortex uses "hardlinks" to deploy mods.  The actual files are in the Vortex deployment folder, the Fallout 4 folder has the hardlinks.
Hardlinks take up virtually no space, but Windows reports them as the same size as the file they are linked to.  This leads to false reports of the amount of space being used.  It also means that your hard drive will appear to be able to hold more files than it's actual size due to the false reports.
This is a Windows thing, not a Vortex thing.  You just kind of have to put up with it.

Well, F4SE doesn't work with the Xbox/Game Pass version.

Remove the Vortex folder from your AppData folder.

The error message you posted is not related to F4SE at all (you can find details about that error here:
 https://forums.nexusmods.com/topic/13475756-vortex-checking-for-update-failed-new-version-1108-is-not-signed-by-the-application-owner/
 
You should post an image of the error you are getting regarding F4SE.
 

Vortex generally doesn't move mods the game folder.  It makes links to the files in the staging folder.
Copying the game folder with those links still in place is bad and creates problems.
Correct method is to "purge" mods from game folder and then "deploy" them again as needed.

Those all indicate that Vortex is having difficulty communicating with GitHub.

I don't see the main FOOK2 files in the directory.
Make sure that you installed "FOOK v1-2 Open Beta Data Files".
Also, you seem to have a "data" folder inside your "data" folder.  Check that to see if any of your mods got installed wrong.  Sometimes a mod with a bad folder structure will create a new "data" folder instead of going in the existing one.

Start by clicking on all those "failed" extensions to find out why they failed.

Many game extensions are included as part of Vortex.  Most are hidden behind the "show bundled" button.  Some are visible because they are getting more frequent updates than usual.  If the extension keeps reinstalling itself that means it is considered "part of Vortex" rather than an optional extension.

Set your download directory to match your existing one and you shouldn't need to redownload anything.
You'll need to reinstall them because you don't have the information Vortex needs for that anymore.

Our friend Pickysaurus has you covered.
https://www.nexusmods.com/site/mods/120

You can't delete anything in the deployment folder.  Those are the real files, the ones in the game folder are just links to those files.
You can delete the downloaded archives, but if you need to reinstall or change the mod you'd have to re download it.
FYI, the files in the game folder report a false size when you look at them.  They show the size of the real file but are actually extremely tiny.  It gives the false impression that you're using more disk space than you are.

You don't.  They're part of Vortex.

I believe it uses the newer of the two files, the one in the game directory or the one in the deployment folder.
So if you have a case where the file has been replaced by an older version somehow it will keep the newer version rather than either saving all or reverting all.

Why do people keep thinking this is a problem?
Vortex comes packaged with extensions for dozens of games.  If it keeps re-downloading and re-installing the extension, that's because it is supposed to be there.  It's part of Vortex.
The extensions are tiny.  Just leave them alone.