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TheCalliton

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In a game of Rock Paper Scissors, each of the three options is in theory equally likely to succeed or fail. But you can tilt the odds in your favour with a little game theory and psychological nous. Aggressive young male players tend to lead with Rock (as the adage goes, "Rock is for rookies") – so the best opening move against such a player is Paper. However, your opponent may anticipate this and play Scissors instead of Rock, beating your Paper. Aggressive young female players tend anway to lead with Scissors. In either case, the optimum strategy would be to play Rock after all.

There are several excellent gambits. Try "The Crescendo" – Paper, Scissors, Rock – this gives the illusion of weakness with its opening salvo, then shatters your opponent's false sense of security. Or there's the "Fistful o'Dollars" (Rock, Paper, Paper), a swift and unnerving switch from offence to defence. This is best deployed against an opponent who you can see is attempting to suppress his – or her – aggression.

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Alexander Graham Bell was always interested in sound – his mother and wife were both deaf and his father was responsible for the first international phonetic alphabet. While in his teens he realised that a chord played on one piano would echo on a second piano in the same room due to the sound vibrating through the air. Thinking these vibrations could be used to send more than one telegraph message at the same time, he realised they might also be used to transmit human speech. Bell's version of the telephone received a patent in 1876.

When he tested it five days later with the line, "Mr Watson, come here, I want you," he was 29 years old and Mr Watson was 22.

 

An earlier version of the telephone had been registered by an Italian-American named Antonio Meucci. He called his device the teletrofono and used it to talk to his bedridden wife while he was working in a different room. He filed a caveat (a kind of stopgap patent) in 1871, five years before Bell's telephone patent, but couldn't afford to renew it. When Bell's patent was registered in 1876, Meucci sued. He'd sent his original sketches and working models to the lab at Western Union where Bell worked. Meucci died in 1889, while his case against Bell was still under way. As a result, it was Bell, not Meucci, who got the credit for the invention. And he only managed that by a few hours; American inventor Elisha Gray was also developing a system to transmit the human voice and filed his patent on the same day. Gray's patent was the 29th to be recorded on February 14 1876; Bell's was number five.

 

Thomas Edison improved the telephone's ability to detect and convert sound into electrical impulses by swapping the parchment in Bell's transmitters for carbon granules, pressed between two metal plates. As sound waves hit the plate, the pressure on the granules changed, altering the electrical resistance between the plates. This improved the sound quality, and increased the distance calls could travel.

The Edison Telephone Company of London Ltd merged with Bell's Telephone Company Ltd in 1880, which gave the new company control of both men's patents and the ability to dominate the UK market. The new company was named the United Telephone Company and, much later, would become BT.

 

The very first phone book was a single sheet, issued in New Haven, Connecticut, in February 1878. No copies are known to have survived. The oldest existing phone book dates from later in the same year. It was 20 pages long and contained the names of the 391 subscribers in New Haven but not their phone numbers. To contact somebody you had to ring the operator and ask to be put through. Christie's auctioned the book in 2008 – it went for $170,500.

 

The first UK phone book came two years later, in 1880. The first entry was "John Adam & Co, 11 Pudding Lane, London". Alexander Graham Bell's name was among the 248 listed. Buckingham Palace used to be listed in phone books as Victoria 6913, while Winston Churchill could be contacted on Paddington 1003. Hitler's number was Berlin 11 6191 – this appeared in Who's Who until 1945.

 

La Porte, Indiana, was the first town to abandon the staffed telephone exchange. Residents could simply enter the number they desired and be connected. The new development didn't go down well as it was thought that typing out numbers would be too time consuming.

There used to be a height requirement for switchboard operators (5ft 3in), to ensure they could reach the top of the board.

 

The first mobile phone call took place on April 3 1973, when Motorola's Martin Cooper called up their rival company to let them know he'd got there first. It wasn't until 1992 that the first SMS (Short Message Service), or text message, was sent – it said "Merry Christmas").

The first mobiles had to be charged for 10 hours to give 30 minutes of battery life.

A survey in 2007 found that 4.5 million mobiles are lost or damaged each year – 885,000 of them flushed down lavatories. Because gold is used as an efficient (i.e. non-tarnishable) electrical contact, a ton of mobile phones contains more gold than a ton of ore from a gold mine.

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Alexander Graham Bell was always interested in sound – his mother and wife were both deaf and his father was responsible for the first international phonetic alphabet. While in his teens he realised that a chord played on one piano would echo on a second piano in the same room due to the sound vibrating through the air. Thinking these vibrations could be used to send more than one telegraph message at the same time, he realised they might also be used to transmit human speech. Bell's version of the telephone received a patent in 1876.

When he tested it five days later with the line, "Mr Watson, come here, I want you," he was 29 years old and Mr Watson was 22.

 

An earlier version of the telephone had been registered by an Italian-American named Antonio Meucci. He called his device the teletrofono and used it to talk to his bedridden wife while he was working in a different room. He filed a caveat (a kind of stopgap patent) in 1871, five years before Bell's telephone patent, but couldn't afford to renew it. When Bell's patent was registered in 1876, Meucci sued. He'd sent his original sketches and working models to the lab at Western Union where Bell worked. Meucci died in 1889, while his case against Bell was still under way. As a result, it was Bell, not Meucci, who got the credit for the invention. And he only managed that by a few hours; American inventor Elisha Gray was also developing a system to transmit the human voice and filed his patent on the same day. Gray's patent was the 29th to be recorded on February 14 1876; Bell's was number five.

 

Thomas Edison improved the telephone's ability to detect and convert sound into electrical impulses by swapping the parchment in Bell's transmitters for carbon granules, pressed between two metal plates. As sound waves hit the plate, the pressure on the granules changed, altering the electrical resistance between the plates. This improved the sound quality, and increased the distance calls could travel.

The Edison Telephone Company of London Ltd merged with Bell's Telephone Company Ltd in 1880, which gave the new company control of both men's patents and the ability to dominate the UK market. The new company was named the United Telephone Company and, much later, would become BT.

 

The very first phone book was a single sheet, issued in New Haven, Connecticut, in February 1878. No copies are known to have survived. The oldest existing phone book dates from later in the same year. It was 20 pages long and contained the names of the 391 subscribers in New Haven but not their phone numbers. To contact somebody you had to ring the operator and ask to be put through. Christie's auctioned the book in 2008 – it went for $170,500.

 

The first UK phone book came two years later, in 1880. The first entry was "John Adam & Co, 11 Pudding Lane, London". Alexander Graham Bell's name was among the 248 listed. Buckingham Palace used to be listed in phone books as Victoria 6913, while Winston Churchill could be contacted on Paddington 1003. Hitler's number was Berlin 11 6191 – this appeared in Who's Who until 1945.

 

La Porte, Indiana, was the first town to abandon the staffed telephone exchange. Residents could simply enter the number they desired and be connected. The new development didn't go down well as it was thought that typing out numbers would be too time consuming.

There used to be a height requirement for switchboard operators (5ft 3in), to ensure they could reach the top of the board.

 

The first mobile phone call took place on April 3 1973, when Motorola's Martin Cooper called up their rival company to let them know he'd got there first. It wasn't until 1992 that the first SMS (Short Message Service), or text message, was sent – it said "Merry Christmas").

The first mobiles had to be charged for 10 hours to give 30 minutes of battery life.

A survey in 2007 found that 4.5 million mobiles are lost or damaged each year – 885,000 of them flushed down lavatories. Because gold is used as an efficient (i.e. non-tarnishable) electrical contact, a ton of mobile phones contains more gold than a ton of ore from a gold mine.

If you lose your cell phone, get a Xperia z 1080P phone its static and water proof :yes: :yes: :yes:

 

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Edited by Thor.
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